Abstract
AbstractPurposeIn this study we assessed nutritional intake, body composition, and their relationship in patients with paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).MethodsWe conducted a longitudinal, prospective study of 38 patients' nutritional intake using 3-day food records (FR) and bioimpedance analysis of body composition. FR were evaluated by Nutricomp DietCAD software. Results were analysed with Microsoft Excel 2013 and IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software.ResultsPatients treated with biological and conventional therapy (CT) had a higher intake of vegetable protein and carbohydrate from starch than those treated earlier with exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) in the remission phase (F = 5.926, F = 5.130, P < 0.05). The former EEN group had a higher intake of iron compared to the other two groups (F = 3.967, P = 0.036). Protein intake and fat-free mass (FFM) had a significant positive correlation, while added sugar correlated with body fat mass (BFM) in the same way (R2 = 0.122, R2 = 0.169, P < 0.05). Body-fat mass in patients of the biological therapy (BT) group overstepped the healthy median, and the FFM in the EEN group stayed under it.ConclusionsOur results confirm that it is essential to monitor body composition and not only measure body weight. Patients should be advised based on their body composition, therapy, and phase of the disease.
Highlights
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has an autoinflammatory origin and is characterized by remission and active phases
We compared nutritional intake in the different therapeutic groups (BT, conventional therapy (CT), enteral nutrition (EEN)), as recorded in a remission phase, and found that the biological therapy (BT) group had the highest average intake of most nutrients examined. This could have resulted from a better appetite, a more liberal diet, better response to therapy, or from the higher average age
The intake of vegetable protein and starch were significantly higher in the BT and CT groups than in the former exclusive-enteral-nutrition group, while the iron intake was significantly higher in the EEN group compared to the other two
Summary
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has an autoinflammatory origin and is characterized by remission and active phases. Two major manifestations are Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), differentiated by CD’s ability to involve any component of the gastrointestinal tract, whereas UC only affects the colon. The prevalence of the disease is rising, and both adults and children can be affected. The incidence of paediatric IBD was 7.8 per 100,000 in Hungary between 2007 and 2011 [1]. As the disease involves the digestive system, it has a huge impact on the nutrition and development of paediatric patients. The risk of malnutrition is high in this population, mainly in CD and during active phases. Low body mass index (BMI) is measured at Unauthenticated | Downloaded 11/02/21 11:27 AM UTC
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