Abstract
ABSTRACT Pine trees are important for the agroforestry ecosystem due to their significance in nut production and ecological restoration. Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.) seedlings were cultured as model materials exposed to exponential fertilization (EF) at rates of 20 (E20), 80 (E80), and 140 mg nitrogen (N) plant−1 (E140) under high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps (proportion in photosynthetic photon flux density: 43.9% red, 54.7% green, and 1.5% blue lights) and light-emitting diode (LED) (6.6% red, 75% green, and 8.4% blue lights) spectra. A high rate of EF at 140 mg N plant−1 under the LED spectrum tended to increase shoot biomass at the cost of phosphorus (P) dilution due to P assimilation through acid phosphatase activity and starch depletion. The uptake of N was not used for utilization but instead, for N storage in the biomass that assimilated through glutamine synthetase activity. Therefore, we conclude that the assimilation and utilization of P determined the growth and biomass in Korean pine seedlings while N can be absorbed and stored for reserve.
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