Numerical Simulation of Maxwell Nanofluid with MHD and Bio-Convective Flow Passing Through a Stretching Cylinder

Abstract

In this study, we are looking at what happens when a special kind of fluid called a Maxwell nanofluid flows around a cylinder that is being stretched. We are interested in how heat is affected in this situation, and we also take into account things like thermal radiation and bioconvection. We apply a magnetic field to the flow and set some conditions at the boundaries. To understand what's going on, we use some mathematical equations and turn them into a set of simpler equations called ordinary differential equations (ODEs). We solve these equations using a method called BVP4C shooting method. This helps us figure out what's happening in the next step of our study. By changing certain factors, we calculate values for something called the local Nusselt number, the number of motile microorganisms, and the local Sherwood number. As we increase these factors, we observe changes in the flow, the temperature, the concentration of a solute, and the concentration of microorganisms. We notice that when we increase the value of the Maxwell fluid parameter, the speed of the flow decreases. Similarly, when the mixed convection parameter becomes larger, the radial speed of the Maxwell nanofluid also decreases. On the other hand, if we increase the thermal stratification Biot number, the temperature of the fluid goes up. When the Lewis number is higher, the concentration of the solute decreases, but it increases when the activation energy parameter is raised. We also find that the concentration of microorganisms in the Maxwell nanofluid decreases when the Peclet number and the bioconvection Lewis number are larger. Finally, when we compare our results with previous studies under certain conditions, we find that our findings match well, which means our results are reliable.