Numerical simulation of fire smoke control methods in subway stations and collaborative control system for emergency rescue

Abstract

As subway fires can easily cause numerous casualties, this paper proposes the idea of active disaster relief, which involves ventilation, exhaust, smoke blocking and exhaust, and other facilities coordinating centralised control to assist passenger evacuation and firefighting. The ventilation and smoke exhaust method used in multilayer crossing complex subways is analysed, and a typical interchange transfer station is selected to build a numerical model. The combined control of fire smoke is analysed based on six ventilation modes, and fire dynamics simulator software is used to perform several numerical simulations. According to the simulation results, ventilation and smoke control is used in the cases of fire on the second and third floor in the underground, the airflow speed of the stairway reached 2 m/s, which can completely restrain the smoke on the fire floor. According to the characteristics of different fire sources and smoke control scenarios, a remote monitoring model of multielement information fusion, such as ventilation path, fan characteristics, smoke exhaust channel, and smoke blocking facilities, is established, and a multielement disaster information-fusion-based collaborative centralised emergency rescue platform for subway fire disaster relief is developed. Real-time disaster analysis is performed, and intelligent control of airflow and smoke exhaust in the complex form of subway-controlled smoke turbulence field is developed to facilitate safe escape and efficient firefighting and rescue of people during emergencies.