Abstract
The article was created on the grounds of numerical modelling of shaped charges with a focus on the unconventional shape of their liners. The standard shaped charge of the “deep penetrating” type is equipped with a conical liner made of copper. Three various geometries of shaped charges featuring unconventional shape have been modelled and compared with the classical model of a shaped charge. The shaped charges have been compared for maximum pressure during detonation, cumulative jet velocity, kinetic energy gained and length of cumulative jet after 22 µs. The purpose of modelling shaped charges, featuring unconventionally formed liners, was to check whether they are able to improve the perforation job parameters in oil and gas wells. Perforation of the borehole is a critical job, enabling the initiation of hydrocarbons production from a specific reservoir. The job consists in making series of channels perpendicular to the borehole axis, penetrating casing walls, the cement layer and the formation rock, in order to create a hydraulic link between the borehole and the reservoir of hydrocarbons. In the oil industry, the “deep penetrating” type shaped charges are designed in order to provide optimal length of the perforation channel, while maintaining its adequate perforating diameter. Nowadays, the most commonly deep-penetrating shaped charges used, are the axially-symmetric shaped charges with conical liners made of copper powders. The charges create a cumulative jet reaching a velocity of approx. 7000 m/sec and are able to penetrate up to 1 m of rock matrix in favourable conditions. The article describes the parameters of shaped charges, that have been obtained as a result of numerical modelling. In order to finally confirm the target penetrating ability by the modelled shaped charges, one should check their real physical models in fire-ground conditions.
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