Abstract
A two-dimensional numerical investigation on laminar forced convection is carried out to estimate the thermal and fluid field behavior of Al2O3-water nanofluid in a circular pipe with constant heat flux. In this study, the finite element method (FEM) is employed to analyze the continuity, momentum, and energy governing equations by using COMSOL Multiphysics 3.5a. Computations of heat transfer rates were performed for a range of Reynolds numbers (Re ≤ 2000), and (Pr= 5.42). The effects of Reynolds number and fraction volume of nanoparticle (ɸ≤ 5%) on the mean coefficient of convection (havg), pressure drop (∆P), and thermal-hydraulic performance are investigated. The computations indicate that Al2O3 nanoparticle usage augments the average coefficient of heat convection significantly, and which is increased by (10%) with maximum pressure loss (15%) for (ɸ=5%) and high Reynolds number when compared to the base fluid. The present model is validated with empirical Shah Equation and the results showed a good agreement.
Highlights
In recent research, the augmenting advances in industrial technology
The term ‘nanofluid’ is created by dispersing nanometer-sized particles that are suspended in conventional heat flow basic fluids like; water, oil, ethylene glycol (EG), propylene have led to the production of the nanoparticles
The results showed that the enhancement of heat convection is better for ethylene glycol-based silicon nitride as compared to the pure fluid at the same flow rate
Summary
The augmenting advances in industrial technology. The term ‘nanofluid’ is created by dispersing nanometer-sized particles that are suspended in conventional heat flow basic fluids like; water, oil, ethylene glycol (EG), propylene have led to the production of the nanoparticles. The forced convective flow of (CuO, and Al2O3)-water as nanofluids in a circular pipe under an isothermal temperature of wall condition has been investigated experimentally and numerically by (Heris, et al 2006, Heris, Esfahany et al 2007). Their tests exhibited that increased concentration of nanoparticle augmented the enhancement of the heat convection coefficient. (Ho, Chang et al 2018) tested and analyzed the influence of (Al2O3-water) nanofluid on the forced convection behaviour in the tube They found that the augmentation Nu number, while it leads to a higher in the pressure drop along the tube walls using nanoparticles. To analyze the influence of Re number, and the fraction volume of nanofluid on the heat convective augmentation and pressure drop inside a circular pipe
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