Abstract
SynopsisWe simulate attosecond angular streaking on atomic and molecular hydrogen by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) driven by a single oscillation circularly polarized laser pulse. We compare results for this simulated “numerical attoclock” with predictions of a semiclassical model based on the saddle point method (SPM). This way we identify the essential physics behind the attoclock measurements. In molecular hydrogen, we observe a strong dependence of the width of the attoclock angular peak on the molecular orientation and attribute it to the two-center electron interference. See Ref. [1] for full detail.
Highlights
The experimental technique of attosecond angular streaking is based on measuring an offset angle of the peak photoelectron momentum distribution (PMD) in the polarization plane of a close-to-circularly polarized laser pulse
We present the timedependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) calculations with single-oscillation pulses [5,8] which are very similar to each other but deviate noticeably from the TDSE1 and TDSE2 results corresponding to carrier envelope phase (CEP) averaged multicycle elliptical pulses
In the low field intensity range, the TDSE results merge the predictions of the KR model [8] which was designed to explain a very steep rise of the offset angle θA with decreasing laser pulse intensity
Summary
The experimental technique of attosecond angular streaking (attoclock) is based on measuring an offset angle of the peak photoelectron momentum distribution (PMD) in the polarization plane of a close-to-circularly polarized laser pulse. We find the attoclock offset angles of the H atom and the H2 molecule to be rather similar, the latter only weakly dependent on the molecular axis orientation relative to the polarization plane We interpret these results within the so-called Keldysh-Rutherford (KR) model [8] in which the photoelectron undergoes elastic scattering on the Coulomb potential of the residual ion. The angular width of the photoelectron peak, both in and out of the polarization plane, is markedly different for H and H2 This width depends strongly on the molecular axis orientation and bears a clear signature of the two-center electron interference. We confirm it here by conducting the SPM calculations on the Ne2 dimer
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