Numerical analysis of the influence of abrasive grain geometry and cutting angle on states of strain and stress in the surface layer of object

Abstract

Grinding is a very complicated technological process. To increase the quality of the product and minimize the cost of abrasive machining, we should know the physical phenomena which exist during the process. The first step to the solution of this problem is an analysis of a machining process with a single abrasive grain. In the papers [Kukielka and Kustra, Surface Treatment VI Computation Methods and Experimental Measurements for Surface Treatment Effects. WIT Press, 2003, pp.109–118; Kukielka et al, Computer Methods and Experimental Measurements for Surface Effects and Contact Mechanics VII. WIT Press, 2005, pp. 57–66.] the thermo-mechanical models of this process are presented, but in this work attention is drawn to the chip formation and its separation from the object. The influence of the tool geometry and the cutting angle on the states of strain and stress in the surface layer during machining is explained. The phenomena on a typical incremental step were described using a step-by-step incremental procedure, with an updated Lagrangian formulation. Then, the finite elements methods (FEM) and the dynamic explicit method (DEM) were used to obtain the solution. The application was developed in the ANSYS system, which makes possible a complex time analysis of the physical phenomena: states of displacements, strains and stresses. Numerical computations of the strain have been conducted with the use of two methodologies. The first one requires an