Numerical analysis of semiconductor-based energy conversion technologies for offshore applications

Abstract

This study analyzes the physical principles and characteristics of thermoelectric energy conversion phenomena utilizing p-n semiconductor couples to propose a design methodology for thermoelectric generators (TEGs) capable of energy recovery in marine environments. To design TEGs with practical power generation and energy conversion efficiency, the development of a numerical analysis model that can predict and analyze the behavior characteristics of TEGs is required. We present the necessary conditions for a numerical analysis model that simulates the generation characteristics of TEGs at the system level, along with a comparison and analysis of experimental results. The electrical connection method of the thermoelectric modules (TEMs) significantly affects the power generation performance of TEGs; however, there is a lack of research on the electrical connections between TEMs in existing studies. This paper examines the reasons for performance changes due to electrical connections between TEMs and proposes an optimal electrical connection method. Additionally, it is demonstrated that improving the thermal flow distribution within the TEG can enhance system performance and maximize the effects of electrical connections between TEMs. We analyze the characteristics of technologies that can improve the level of thermal flow distribution within the TEG, such as finned and porous structures, and present optimal utilization strategies.