Abstract
The risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism is nearly 40% of all patients after 10 years of follow up. The risk is higher in patients with permanent risk factors, who should receive indefinite anticoagulation with acenocoumarol or warfarin, except cancer patients who should receive lower doses of low molecular weight heparin The remaining patients should receive a 3-month course of treatment, after which the need to continue this treatment should be reevaluated. The decision to continue should be individually tailored and balanced against hemorrhagic risk. Determination of D-dimer values at the end of treatment and the presence of residual vein thrombosis or right ventricular dysfunction could be useful to identify patients at low risk of recurrence, who can safely discontinue anticoagulation. The emergence of new oral anticoagulants has opened up a new scenario for secondary prevention in the next few years.
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