Abstract
The mechanisms of epigenetic gene regulation—histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNA—use metabolites as enzymatic cofactors and substrates in reactions that allow chromatin formation, nucleotide biogenesis, transcription, RNA processing, and translation. Gene expression responds to demands from cellular processes that use specific metabolites and alters or maintains cellular metabolic status. However, the roles of metabolites—particularly nucleotides—as regulatory molecules in epigenetic regulation and biological processes remain largely unknown. Here we review the crosstalk between gene expression, nucleotide metabolism, and cellular processes, and explore the role of metabolism in epigenetics as a critical regulator of biological events.
Highlights
One-carbon metabolism governs cellular nutritional status by sensing input metabolites and generating and redistributing output metabolites [1, 2]
The input metabolites of one-carbon metabolism are usually serine and glycine reacting in the folate cycle; output metabolites include Sadenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe), glutathione, nucleotides, and polyamines
Class I and II Histone deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze this hydrolysis in a Zn+dependent manner; Class III HDACs use the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine
Summary
Workman Lab Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, United States. Reviewed by: Kathryn Wellen, University of Pennsylvania, United States Naresh Chandra Bal, KIIT University, India. Specialty section: This article was submitted to Cellular Endocrinology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Endocrinology. The mechanisms of epigenetic gene regulation—histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNA—use metabolites as enzymatic cofactors and substrates in reactions that allow chromatin formation, nucleotide biogenesis, transcription, RNA processing, and translation. Gene expression responds to demands from cellular processes that use specific metabolites and alters or maintains cellular metabolic status. The roles of metabolites— nucleotides—as regulatory molecules in epigenetic regulation and biological processes remain largely unknown. We review the crosstalk between gene expression, nucleotide metabolism, and cellular processes, and explore the role of metabolism in epigenetics as a critical regulator of biological events
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call