Abstract
A series of tetraphenylethene (TPE) derivatives modified with different kinds of amino groups were designed and synthesized in order to search the best binding groups for nucleic acid detection. NTPE, TPE1, TPE2, and TPE3 have similar frames with amino, ethylamino, diethylamino, and triethylammonium groups at the end of side arms, respectively. Both the cis and trans configurations of these dyes were separated and tested, respectively. With the number of the substitutional ethyl on N atoms increased from Z-NTPE to Z-TPE3 or E-NTPE to E-TPE3, the probability of hydrogen bond interactions between probes and nucleic acids would increase, and the fluorescent enhancement of the dyes upon binding with nucleic acid decreased gradually. Z-NTPE can stain 10ng of X20 with 20 nt, and 1ng of dsDNA with 300bp in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Such high sensitivity is attributed to its cis configuration and strong hydrogen bond interactions with nucleic acid. This work will be instructive for the further design of nucleic acid probes with high sensitivity.
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