Nuclear Force and Nuclear Matter. I

Abstract

The saturation curves of the nuclear matter are calculated by using the reference specturm method (RSM) for five types of nuclear forces: the Gammel-Thaler potential, the Ramada­ Johnston potential, two kinds of potentials derived by Tamagaki and Watari which have very small core radii, and a potential having a negative l-s force. Calculations are performed up to the D wave. The corrections to the RSM are also evaluated. The results show that it is almost impossible to get satisfactory properties of the nuclear matter with the Ramada­ Johnston type potentials (including the modified Ramada-Johnston potentials). §I. Introduction The binding of nuclei or the saturation problem IS one of the important problems in physics. It has been repeatedly treated and is still unresolved. We cannot theoretically reproduce nuclear binding energies from the standpoint of the many-body problem by using actual nuclear forces, although we empirically know the binding energies of almost all existing nuclei. The theory of nuclear matter proposed and developed by Brueckner and others 1 ) was the most success­ ful approach to this problem. This makes clear the important role of the scattering correlation and the strong short range repulsion between nucleons ' in preventing the overbinding and consequent collapse of nuclei. The theory is ..not the final answer to the question. There still remain many complicated problems concerning the actual nuclei. In order to get a final approach, however, it seems to be useful to explore this theory first and to clearify to what extent the two-body correlation is dominant in the whole nuclear correlation and to what extent the estimated value of the volume energy is dependent on the forces between nucleons. In these years the theory of nuclear matter has made a remarkable advance. Brueckner and others 2 ) estimated the binding energy of nuclear matter using the Gammel-Thaler poten tiaP) ( G-T) and the Yale potential. 4 ) Their results show that the binding energy of nuclear matter is largely dependent on the type of nuclear force. In the meantime the refinement of the theory has been