Abstract
Surface work hardening is a process of deforming a material surface using a thin layer. It hardens and strengthens the surface while keeping the core relatively soft and ductile to absorb stresses. This study introduces a permanent magnate surface work hardening under two opposite permanent poles of a magnet to investigate its influence on a brass surface. The gap between the brass and the north magnet pole—fixed in the spindle of a vertical machine—was filled with martensitic stainless steel balls. The rotational speed and feed rates were 500–1250 rpm and 6–14 mm min−1, respectively. The novel method improved the surface hardness for all parameters by up to 112%, in favor of high speed, and also increased yield by approximately 10% compared to ground samples. Surface roughness showed higher values for all speed–feed rate combinations compared to the ground sample. Nevertheless, it showed better roughness than other treated conditions with high and low feed rates. The ultimate tensile strength and ductility remained unchanged for all conditions other than the untreated brass. A factorial design and nonlinear regression analysis were performed to predict the microhardness equation and effectiveness of the independent variable—speed and feed rate—for the proposed process.
Highlights
Accepted: 18 October 2021Most failures in engineering components are initiated from the surface layer; surface treatments can play a crucial role in controlling the material performance and lifetime, as reported by Maleki et al [1]
The purpose of the proposed technique, permanent magnate surface work hardening (MSWH), is to improve the surface work hardening of the material by increasing the surface yield strength and surface hardness and increasing the surface roughness
Discussion betweenand the north and south poles caused oscillation of the martensitic stainless steel balls the workpiece resulting in force high surface plastic the brass.field
Summary
Most failures in engineering components are initiated from the surface layer; surface treatments can play a crucial role in controlling the material performance and lifetime, as reported by Maleki et al [1]. Lou et al [10] analyzed the impacts of burnishing process parameters, such as the number of passes, burnishing force, and ball diameter on the surface hardness and roughness of two different non-ferrous metals. Hassan [11] studied the influences of initial burnishing parameters on non-ferrous materials and showed that the initial surface hardness, surface roughness, burnishing ball diameter, and the application of different lubricants have a significant influence on the burnishing process. The roughness and microhardness of the produced surface during the burnishing process are influenced by the ball diameter, burnishing force and the method of its application, burnishing speed, feed rate, number of passes, initial surface roughness, and hardness of the material to be processed [12,13]. The purpose of the proposed technique, permanent magnate surface work hardening (MSWH), is to improve the surface work hardening of the material by increasing the surface yield strength and surface hardness and increasing the surface roughness
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