Abstract
Recently suggested subwavelength lattices offer remarkable prospects for the observation of novel superfluids of fermionic polar molecules. It becomes realistic to obtain a topological p-wave superfluid of microwave-dressed polar molecules in 2D lattices at temperatures of the order of tens of nanokelvins, which is promising for topologically protected quantum information processing. Another foreseen novel phase is an interlayer p-wave superfluid of polar molecules in a bilayer geometry.
Highlights
Suggested subwavelength lattices offer remarkable prospects for the observation of novel superfluids of fermionic polar molecules
It becomes realistic to obtain a topological p-wave superfluid of microwave-dressed polar molecules in 2D lattices at temperatures of the order of tens of nanokelvins, which is promising for topologically protected quantum information processing
Non-conventional superconductors and superfluids attract a great deal of interest due to their non-trivial transport properties and/or topological behavior[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. This behavior has been actively discussed in two dimensions (2D) for the px +ipy superfluid of identical fermions, where Cooper pairs have orbital angular momentum equal to unity[12,13,14,15,16,17]
Summary
The superfluid pairing of identical fermions is characterized by the order parameter Δ(r, r′) =V(r − r′)× ψ (r′)ψ (r) , where V(r − r′) is the interaction potential, the symbol 〈...〉denotes the statistical average, and ψ (r) is the field operator of fermions. For a weak attractive interaction the order parameter and the superfluid transition temperature can be found in the BCS approach[55]. For both spinless and spin-1/2 fermions the renormalized gap equation for the order parameter in the momentum space, ∆k = ∫ d2r∆(r − r′)exp[ik(r − r′)], reads (see[16,17] and references therein): 1Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, Moscow Region 143025, Russia. For the pairing channel related to the interaction with orbital angular momentum l, this immediately leads to an estimate: Tc
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