Novel moisture retaining dustable powder containing Steinernema abbasi effectively controls damage of subterranean termite in wheat and chickpea

Abstract

The application of biocontrol agents in farm operations for pest control programs is gaining priority and preference globally. Effective delivery, infectivity of the biocontrol agents, and quality shelf-life products containing these bioagents are vital parameters responsible for the success of biopesticides under field conditions. In the present study, moisture-retaining bio-insecticidal dustable powder formulation (SaP) of Steinernema abbasi (Sa) infective juveniles (IJs) was developed and assessed for its shelf life, physicochemical profile, and bio-efficacy against subterranean termite under field conditions. Formulation exhibited free-flowing character, with pH of 6.50–7.50, and apparent density in the range 0.50–0.70 g cm−3. The bioefficacy study for two rabi seasons (2020–2021, and 2021–2022) in wheat and chickpea grown in an experimental farm heavily infested with subterranean termites (Odontotermes obesus) revealed a significant reduction in plant damage due to pest attack in formulation-treated plots, monitored in terms of relative number of infested tillers in wheat and infested plants in chickpea fields. The reduced damage to the crop caused by termite was reflected in the relative differences in the growth and yield attributes as well. The study establishes the potential of the developed product as a biopesticide suitable for organic farming and integrated pest management operations.