Abstract
Radio frequency (RF) power harvesting allows wireless power delivery concurrently to several remote RF devices. This manuscript presents the implementation of a compact, reliable, effective, and flexible energy harvesting (EH) rectenna design. It integrates a simple rectifier circuit with a circularly polarized one-sided slot dipole antenna at 2.45 GHz Industrial, Scientific, Medical (ISM) frequency band for wireless charging operation at low incident power densities, from 1 to 95 μ W/cm 2 . The rectenna structure is printed on a single layer, low cost, commercial FR4 substrate. The integration of the rectifier and antenna produces a low-profile and high performance circularly polarized rectenna. In order to maximize the system efficiency, the matching circuit introduced between the rectifier and antenna is optimized for a minimum number of discrete components and it is constructed using multiple of L-slot defects in the ground plane. For a given input power of − 6 dBm intercepted by the circularly polarized antenna with 3 dBi gain, the peak RF-DC (radio frequency-direct current) conversion efficiency is 59.5 % . The rectenna dimensions are 41 × 35.5 mm 2 . It is demonstrated that the output power from the proposed rectenna is higher than the other published designs with a similar antenna size under the same ambient condition. Thanks to its compact size, the proposed rectenna finds a range of potential applications for wireless energy charging.
Highlights
The development of wireless communications is largely promoted by the desire of freely communicating anywhere and anytime
This article reports an efficient rectifier operating at 2.45 GHz for wireless energy harvesting applications with low input power levels
The slight reduction of the measured efficiency for the higher frequencies inside the operating band is due to the resultant mismatching in the rectifier circuit
Summary
The development of wireless communications is largely promoted by the desire of freely communicating anywhere and anytime. If electric power can be supplied wirelessly, can great freedom be brought to the communication industry, and a reliable guarantee can be provided for charging the wireless sensor network nodes. The RF energy harvesting technique offers a substantial solution for battery replacement and maintenance It could re-charge the battery wirelessly using a radiated electromagnetic energy either available in the environment or primarily generated from a huge RF transmitter. These applications are expected to communicate with other systems and operate autonomously for years.
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