Abstract
This paper proposes a new method of image decomposition with a filtering capability. The image state ensemble decomposition (ISED) method has generative capabilities that work by removing a discrete ensemble of quanta from an image to provide a range of filters and images for a single red, green, and blue (RGB) input image. This method provides an image enhancement because ISED is a spatial domain filter that transforms or eliminates image regions that may have detrimental effects, such as noise, glare, and image artifacts, and it also improves the aesthetics of the image. ISED was used to generate 126 images from two tagged image file (TIF) images of M87 taken by the Spitzer Space Telescope. Analysis of the images used various full and no-reference quality metrics as well as histograms and color clouds. In most instances, the no-reference quality metrics of the generated images were shown to be superior to those of the two original images. Select ISED images yielded previously unknown galactic structures, reduced glare, and enhanced contrast, with good overall performance.
Highlights
There is need to provide a highly tunable fundamental image processing technique that can remove unwanted color, biased glare, and noise; reduce image artifacts; and improve the contrast and aesthetics in a post-processed RGB image
The full-reference metrics compare the original image to the modified image for quality assessment
Full-reference quality metrics are used with the original NASA reference image, such that the modified image is compared with the original image
Summary
There is need to provide a highly tunable fundamental image processing technique that can remove unwanted color, biased glare, and noise; reduce image artifacts; and improve the contrast and aesthetics in a post-processed RGB image. The image state ensemble decomposition method (ISED) uses sets of spatial domain filters that decompose an image by selectively removing discrete state ensembles from the original image in a red, green, and blue (RGB) color space. This removed portion of the image contains a range of color information that encompasses regions of the image with noise that may biased to a certain domain of the image. These regions may contain unwanted artifacts and glare. ISED generates images to help discover these biased regions and reduces the unwanted characteristics from the image
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