Novel Deep Level Image State Ensemble Enhancement Method for M87 Imaging

Timothy Ryan Taylor,Chun-Tang Chao,Juing-Shian Chiou

doi:10.3390/app10113952

Timothy Ryan Taylor, Chun-Tang Chao + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/app10113952

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Abstract

Standard spatial domain filters fail to adequately denoise and enhance the contrast of an image. These filters have drawbacks like oversmoothing, diminished texture, and lack of generative capabilities. This paper proposes a new method of image reconstruction, Image State Ensemble Enhancement (ISEE), based on our previous work, Image State Ensemble Decomposition (ISED). Deep level ISEE and ISED have been developed to produce a class of filters that can address these issues. Full-reference and no-reference quality metrics are used to assess the image, and the full reference metrics showed a marked improvement, while the no-reference metrics were often better than the test image. The test image was taken from the Spitzer Space Telescope (SST), and ISEE reconstruction yielded improved structural detail over that of ISED and the original test image. Glare and noise were reduced in a narrow bandwidth, which led to the discovery of a vortex-shaped structure and an outburst in M87′s dusty infrared core. The vortex is located over M87′s visible core and black hole. This is verified with an SST and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) overlay, ISEE processed image. A counter-jet channel was also discovered, and it appears to be the path of the unobservable superluminal counter-jet.

Highlights

This paper investigates a new method to enhance features and improve color image processing.The Image State Ensemble Enhancement (ISEE) and Image State Ensemble Decomposition (ISED)methods can denoise and enhance contrast
Due to deep level of decomposition (Ln) ISED and ISEE’s unique method of image decomposition and enhancement, we discovered, by observation via image processing the test image, that there is evidence for a past explosive outburst that is tangential to Hubble Space Telescope (HST)-1 and it seems to have originated from HST-1 and a structure resembling a vortex located over the vicinity of M870 s black hole and galactic center
The research objectives with deep Ln ISED and ISEE were to develop a new method of image processing that can selectively remove artifacts, types of glare, various distortions of an image, extract features, and simultaneously enhance contrast and features of an image

Summary

Introduction

This paper investigates a new method to enhance features and improve color image processing.The Image State Ensemble Enhancement (ISEE) and Image State Ensemble Decomposition (ISED)methods can denoise and enhance contrast. This paper investigates a new method to enhance features and improve color image processing. The Image State Ensemble Enhancement (ISEE) and Image State Ensemble Decomposition (ISED). The topic we have chosen to analyze is astronomical, these methods can be applied to color medical imaging. Denoising and contrast enhancement are commonly applied to medical imaging and have been the subject of intense research [1]. ISED and ISEE reconstructions can denoise, enhance the contrast, and provide feature extraction. ISEE improves the full-reference metrics and narrows the bandwidth of the filter, which allows for the extraction of finer details than ISED. See our unpublished histological image examples of ISED and ISEE reconstructions available online at [2] for more details

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