Abstract
In this work, an eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of biogenic silver nanoparticles (bio-AgNPs) using botanical extracts in combination with an electrochemical process was carried out. We employed three types of plant extracts, including green tea leaf (GTE), grapefruit peel (GP), and mangosteen peel (MP) extracts to successfully synthesize the bio-AgNPs and optimized the experimental conditions aiming to get the highest synthetic yield. The formation of bio-AgNPs was monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy via a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at about 420–430 nm. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) showed their spherical shape with the size range within 23–55 nm. While X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis described in detail the crystalline structure of the bio-AgNPs with a face-centered cubic crystal lattice of metallic silver. The chemical bonding and elemental compositions of the bio-AgNPs were determined by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, in which organic compounds in the natural extracts not only acted as effective reductants but also capping agents for the fabricated bio-AgNPs. The prepared bio-AgNPs exhibited high stability and excellent dispersion for about four months. Based on the linear relationship between obtained SPR band intensity of bio-AgNP GTE in the presence of Fe (III) and concentration of Fe (III) ions, our bio-AgNP GTE can be used to develop a highly selective colorimetric sensor for the determination of Fe (III) ions within a linear range from 1 to 25 μM. According to that, the limit of detection (LOD) was recorded at approximately 0.532 μM, and the quantitative limit (LOQ) was calculated to be 1.77 μM. A detection mechanism was proposed through redox reactions between bio-AgNP GTE and Fe (III) ions. More interestingly, this method was successfully applied for the determination of Fe (III) ions in a lake water sample with percentage recovery of 107-150% and high reproducibility ( RSD = 1.49 % ).
Highlights
Nanoscience is an emerging multidisciplinary field facilitating the design development, improvement, and potential application of nanomaterials
We proposed a new method to synthesize a bio-AgNP solution using extracts from three natural plant sources including green tea leaves, grapefruit peel, and mangosteen peel in combination with an electrochemical technique using a metallic silver bar to produce Ag+ ion source
Fresh mangosteen peel weighted from 3 to 11 g was employed for the preparation of electrolyte solutions for electrolysis performed in 30 minutes at a constant voltage of 12 V
Summary
Nanoscience is an emerging multidisciplinary field facilitating the design development, improvement, and potential application of nanomaterials. We proposed a new method to synthesize a bio-AgNP solution using extracts from three natural plant sources including green tea leaves, grapefruit peel, and mangosteen peel in combination with an electrochemical technique using a metallic silver bar to produce Ag+ ion source. This is a new “green” technology that is highly efficient in generating metallic nanomaterials in controlled shapes and sizes and can be scaled up for a large amount of products. It is undeniable that the bioAgNP solution is an ideal probe for a simple, fast, sensitive, and environmentally and economically effective method of Fe (III) detection
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
