Abstract
Recent studies in the spintronics aim at manipulating both the charge and the spin degrees of freedom. Phenomena induced by the spin-orbit interaction have been investigated actively because the spin-orbit interaction works as a converter between the charge degrees of freedom and the spin one. The direct spin Hall effect 1,2,3,4,5 is one of the hottest recent topics, which enables to control magnetization by purely electrical means. In this effect, a spin current flows due to the spinorbit interaction in the transverse direction to an applied electric voltage, i.e., the spinorbit interaction converts a charge current into a spin current. Spin currents are not observable directly, so detection of the spin Hall effect was carried out first by measuring the spin accumulation at the edge of a sample. 4,5 Recently, the inverse spin Hall effect was proposed as a new technique for detecting spin currents by Saitoh et al. A charge current is generated in the transverse direction to a pumped spin current via the inverse spin Hall effect as shown in Fig. 1, and therefore this effect enables electrical detection of spin currents. In fact in Ref. 6, a spin current was injected into Pt layer by use of the spin pumping, and it was observed as a electric voltage induced by the inverse spin Hall effect in the transverse direction to this pumped spin current. Experimental observations of the inverse spin Hall effect have recently been reported by several groups.
Published Version
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