Abstract
This paper proposes a novel control scheme to complement commercial controllers of wind farms augmented with battery energy storage (BES) systems. The scheme enhances smart grid flexibility by improving frequency response of the wind farms, i.e. their ability to change their active power output in response to a frequency change. The novelty of the paper lies in the coordinated control of frequency response from wind energy conversion (WEC) and BES systems. Distinct from existing methods, the proposed scheme is applicable to both small- and large-scale BES systems. Furthermore, dynamic models of the WEC and BES systems are presented to overcome some technical issues of existing literature, e.g. frequency oscillation. The effectiveness of the developed control scheme is verified through simulations using PSS/E software tool and improved frequency response from an exemplar wind farm in Ireland is assessed against the Irish grid code requirements and the Irish system operator's multi-year DS3 programme.
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