Novel Approach in Hypertension Management

Abstract

Systemic hypertension is the largest causes of morbidity and mortality in the world and is one of main causes that leading to increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Less than half of hypertensive patients are aware of their condition, despite it is currently undertreated, but the control of high blood pressure is successful. This will reduce the global burden of illness and death. The etiology of hypertension includes a genetic predisposition and a complex interaction of pathophysiological, genetic and environmental factors. Hypertensive patient needs to measurement of blood pressure (BP), studying of expected risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other organ damage, or knowing of secondary reasons for hypertension. Lifestyle changes are effective in lowering blood pressure and stopping the consequences of hypertension and CVD, along with dietary adjustments and increased physical activity. Pharmacological treatment are efficient in controlling blood pressure and stopping the consequences of cardiovascular disease in the elderly patients. The first-line antihypertensive drugs consists of ACE inhibitor (angiotensin converting enzyme), angiotensin II receptor blocker, dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, and thiazide diuretic.