Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles: A Survey on Complex Wormhole Attack in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

Abstract

Wireless communication faces several security risks. An attacker can easily inject bogus packets, impersonating another sender. We refer to this attack as a spoofing attack. An attacker can also easily eavesdrop on communication record packets, and replay the (potentially altered) packets. In this paper, we are concerned of a particularly severe security attack that affects the ad hoc networks routing protocols, it is called the wormhole attack. We can think of wormhole attack as a two phase process launched by one or several malicious nodes. In the first phase, these malicious nodes, called wormhole nodes, try to lure legitimate nodes to send data to other nodes via them. In the second phase, wormhole nodes could exploit the data in variety of ways. We will introduce the wormhole attack modes and classes, and point to its impact and threat on ad hoc networks. We finally summarize and conclude this paper