Abstract
The analysis of steroid estrogens (Estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), and 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2)) in wastewater samples is a problem of primary concern for quality control due to the toxicity level of these compounds and their public health risk. Solid phase extraction (SPE) was used to enrich and to clean up the aqueous samples and then high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to quantify the steroid estrogens. The elution solvent, elution rate, elution volume and flow sample rate have been studied and optimized for extraction procedure in order to achieve the higher SPE recoveries. Results show that the best overall recoveries of the tested steroid estrogens were achieved with acetonitrile elution solvent, 3-4 mL/min elution rate, 10-12 mL elution volume and 7-15 mL/min sampling rate. The optimized extraction procedure was applied to the determination of the steroid estrogens in a real wastewater treatment plant. Results show that E1, E2 and EE2 were all detected in the influent and effluent samples. The removal efficiencies of which were averaged at 72.9%, 76.2% and 76.6%, respectively.
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