Abstract
Introduction: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) encompasses physical, emotional, and behavioral changes prior to menstruation. While hormonal fluctuations during PMS may affect neurological processes, direct links to alterations in proprioception and reaction time are not firmly established. Normative reference scores have not been established for proprioception and reaction time among females with premenstrual syndrome. Aim: To determine the normative reference score of proprioception and reaction time among females with PMS using the Sensbalance MiniBoard. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India, recruited females aged 18 to 40 years, with regular menstrual cycle, and with Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), diagnosed according to Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) criteria (≥5 out of 11 symptoms). The study aimed to establish normative values for these measures in PMDD individuals. Results: The normative data for proprioception in four directions i.e. front, back, left, and right were 19.47±18.26°, 7.59±3.66°, 11.94±12.93°, 10.99±8.02°. The normative data for the reaction time in front, back, left and right was obtained as 0.94±0.32 s, 0.79±0.16 s, 0.91±0.27 s and 0.93±0.50 s, respectively. Conclusion: The results suggest the feasibility of conducting an extensive study with a larger sample size to facilitate the generalisation of data to a global population.
Published Version
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