Normalization of Singular Contact Forms and Primitive 1-forms

Abstract

AbstractA differential 1-form $$\alpha $$ α on a manifold of odd dimension $$2n+1$$ 2 n + 1 , which satisfies the contact condition $$\alpha \wedge (d\alpha )^n \ne 0$$ α ∧ ( d α ) n ≠ 0 almost everywhere, but which vanishes at a point O, i.e., $$\alpha (O) = 0$$ α ( O ) = 0 , is called a singular contact form at O. The aim of this paper is to study local normal forms (formal, analytic and smooth) of such singular contact forms. Our study leads naturally to the study of normal forms of singular primitive 1-forms of a symplectic form $$\omega $$ ω in dimension 2n, i.e., differential 1-forms $$\gamma $$ γ which vanish at a point and such that $$d\gamma = \omega $$ d γ = ω , and their corresponding conformal vector fields. Our results are an extension and improvement of previous results obtained by other authors, in particular Lychagin (1975), Webster (Amer. J. Math. 109, 807–832 (1987)) and Zhitomirskii (1986, 1992). Besides the classical normalization techniques, such as the step-by step normalization methods based on the cohomological equations and the Moser path method, we also use the toric approach to the normalization problem for dynamical systems (Jiang et al. 2019; Zung, Ann. Math. 161, 141–156 2005; Zung 2016; Zung, Arch. Rational Mech. Anal. 229, 789–833 (2018)).