Abstract
Effects of upward refraction combined with scattering by the rough ice interface result in a dispersive sound channel capable of propagating only very low frequencies to long range. Because only a few modes are involved, normal mode theory is appropriate. However, surface-scatter models are usually based on plane-wave approximations for which ray theory is most useful. The two approaches are simply combined in the impulse-response method. Application of this method to the propagation of transients and continuous wave signals is discussed. Removal of dispersive effects by deconvolution to increase data rate is also considered in view of the extreme temporal stability of the channel. [Work supported by ONR and NUSC.]
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