Abstract
Modified ray theory [D. A. Sachs and A. Silbiger, J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 49, 824 (1971)] can be used to calculate transmission loss near caustics and in shadow zones where ray theory fails. Normal mode theory is an approach that should work equally well in every region. For an arbitrary linear-gradient profile, results of ray theory and modified ray theory have been compared near a convergence zone caustic. It was found that these two approaches do not always agree in the double arrival region associated with the caustic. Results from a normal mode program using finite difference methods for an arbitrary profile [A. V. Newman and F. Ingenito, NRL Memo. Rep. 2381 (1972)] will be compared where possible with the results from the above-mentioned techniques. [Supported in part by ONR and DNA.]
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