Abstract
Recovering, recycling and reusing are some processes whose popularity is intense nowadays due to the increasing concern about sustainability and environmental issues. These processes are composed by some input variables that can be adjusted to optimize related relevant responses. The present paper, focusing on multiobjective optimization, proposes the Two-Phased Optimization Methodology based on the use of factor analysis, the Normal Boundary Intersection method and stochastic programming. A real application is developed in a cladding process of ABNT 1020 carbon steel plate using austenitic ABNT 316L stainless steel cored wire to exemplify the approach. The first stage of the methodology focuses on optimizing the geometric characteristics of the weld bead in order to improve the quality of the final product. The achieved values for the input variables were wire feed rate = 8.96 m/min, arc voltage = 29.38 V, welding speed = 24.21 cm/min, contact tip to the workpiece distance = 17.90 mm. From the comparison of the optimized geometry from Phase 1 with the real DoE experiments geometry, the scrap and rework areas are measured through a computer graphics software. Then, in the Phase 2, which focuses on a sustainability aspect, it is solved the multiobjective stochastic problem aiming the minimization of the scrap and rework jointly with the energy consumption. In this case, the optimized values for the input variables were wire feed rate = 9.95 m/min, arc voltage = 28 V, welding speed = 33.51 cm/min, contact tip to the workpiece distance = 25.41 mm. The methodology provides consistent results when dealing with a large number of responses considering the quality of the product and the environmental issues.
Published Version
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