Abstract

has a rational solution. An extensive compilation of the older history of the problem is given in Dickson [6]. Within the past century, researchers have tried to exploit (either explicitly or unknowingly) the fact that the curve (0.1) is in fact an elliptic curve. During the nineteenth century, Lucas, and later Sylvester, used a descent argument to prove that (0.1) had no solution for infinitely many D in certain congruence classes mod 9 and 18 (see [6], Ch. XXI). Zagier and Kramarz [19] have produced a great deal of numerical evidence about the L-series of the curves; based on these computations, they have argued heuristically that for

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