Abstract
Procedures to determine the parameters of optimized (for maximum efficiency) experimental short-period-wiggler free-electron laser (FEL) oscillators are presented. The calculations are based on a normalized set of nonlinear equations which describe a one-dimensional FEL oscillator. Scaling formulas relating the normalized theoretical parameters to dimensional experimental quantities are obtained. The physics of such realistic effects as waveguide dispersion, wiggler field dependence on magnet gap, beam energy spread, and the frequency tunability of tapered wigglers are considered. Finally, specific examples for both tapered and untapered 300-GHz, 1.0-MW FEL oscillators are calculated and discussed.
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