Abstract
In recent years there has been an increasing interest in nanomachines. Among them, current-driven ones deserve special attention as quantum effects can play a significant role there. Examples of the latter are the so-called adiabatic quantum motors. In this work, we propose using Anderson's localization to induce nonequilibrium forces in adiabatic quantum motors. We study the nonequilibrium current-induced forces and the maximum efficiency of these nanomotors in terms of their respective probability distribution functions. Expressions for these distribution functions are obtained in two characteristic regimes: the steady-state and the short-time regimes. Even though both regimes have distinctive expressions for their efficiencies, we find that, under certain conditions, the probability distribution functions of their maximum efficiency are approximately the same. Finally, we provide a simple relation to estimate the minimal disorder strength that should ensure efficient nanomotors.
Highlights
We have proposed what we called an Anderson adiabatic quantum motor (AAQM), i.e, a current-driven nanomotor based on Anderson’s localization
Due to the stochastic nature of adiabatic quantum motor” (AAQM), we based our analysis on the probability distribution functions of the properties of interest
Under a certain regime of parameters, most of the disorder realizations result in systems with a maximal value of the current-induced forces, where the reflectance is almost one
Summary
Control and fabrication of nanoelectromechanical systems have had a huge boost enabled by the advances in our control over matter at the nanoscale and stimulated by the applications they promise us.[1,2] For example, they could be used for harvesting different energy sources at the nanoscale, cooling nanodevices, or even for building complex nanomachines.[1–14] among all the proposed mechanisms that can be used to control nanomachines, the use of electric currents is appealing due to its compatibility with current technologies involved in modern electronics circuits. We assess the possibility of using Anderson’s localization to induce nonequilibrium forces in adiabatic quantum motors. Panel (c) schematizes the changes of the potential energy (characterized by a and ∆E) sensed by the electrons inside the conductive wire of example (a) or the inner nanotube of example (b). There, a displacement of the potential by δx produces a phase change of 2kδx on the reflection coefficient
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