Non-destructive dendrochronology with X-ray computed tomography: The influence of different conservation methods for waterlogged archaeological wood

Abstract

In this study, the influence of different conservation methods for waterlogged archaeological wood (WAW) on non-destructive dendrochronological dating by micro-computed tomography (µCT) was evaluated. For this purpose, samples of different wood species were conserved using the following methods: alcohol-ether-resin, Kauramin 800®, lactitol/trehalose, saccharose, silicone oil and different polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatments with subsequent freeze-drying. The tree ring measurements of all samples in the digital µCT data were compared with the measurements on an analog linear measuring table in terms of the total number of rings per sample and the mean ring width. The year-to-year ring width measurements in the µCT data agreed very well overall with the corresponding microscopic measurements. It was possible to detect the rings in the samples with µCT in all cases. A dendrochronological cross dating with regional absolutely dated ring width chronologies was successful in two cases. However, the different influence of the conservation agents on the quality of the µCT data was clearly visible. In order to assess this influence, the contrast in the µCT data was determined using grey-scale profiles. A decrease in contrast in the µCT data was detectable for all conservation agents. A particular strong influence is observed for the conservation methods using silicone oil, lactitol/trehalose, PEG and saccharose. Overall, the study performed confirms that µCT is a powerful and accurate method for non-destructive dendrochronology of conserved archaeological objects.