Abstract
Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTAPP) is defined as a partially ionized gas with electrically charged particles at atmospheric pressure. Our study showed that exposure to NTAPP generated in a helium-based dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) device increased the proliferation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) by 1.57-fold on an average, compared with untreated cells at 72 h after initial NTAPP exposure. NTAPP-exposed ASCs maintained their stemness, capability to differentiate into adipocytes but did not show cellular senescence. Therefore, we suggested that NTAPP can be used to increase the proliferation of ASCs without affecting their stem cell properties. When ASCs were exposed to NTAPP in the presence of a nitric oxide (NO) scavenger, the proliferation-enhancing effect of NTAPP was not obvious. Meanwhile, the proliferation of NTAPP-exposed ASCs was not much changed in the presence of scavengers for reactive oxygen species (ROS). Also, Akt, ERK1/2, and NF-κB were activated in ASCs after NTAPP exposure. These results demonstrated that NO rather than ROS is responsible for the enhanced proliferation of ASCs following NTAPP exposure. Taken together, this study suggests that NTAPP would be an efficient tool for use in the medical application of ASCs both in vitro and in vivo.
Highlights
In our previous study, we showed that Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTAPP) exposure selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells by activating the reactive oxygen species (ROS) response system; it accelerated the proliferation of normal fibroblast IMR 90 cells and adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs)[18]
We showed that NTAPP exposure selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells by activating the ROS response system; it accelerated the proliferation of normal fibroblast IMR 90 cells and adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs)[18]
This device generates a large amount of helium atoms in the excited state in the discharge region inside the long tube, which is very effective for the generation of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the Penning effect outside
Summary
We showed that NTAPP exposure selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells by activating the ROS response system; it accelerated the proliferation of normal fibroblast IMR 90 cells and adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs)[18]. NTAPP has been reported to accelerate wound healing processes by activating the nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling pathway in human keratinocyte HaCa T cell line in vitro[19], and to promote re-epithelialization and wound closure by activating keratinocytes and fibroblasts in Wistar rats’ wound skin[20]. These studies strongly suggested that NTAPP stimulates the proliferation of normal and adult stem cells. We showed that NTAPP can enhance the proliferation of ASCs in vitro, thereby supporting the potential applications of NTAPP in the field of regenerative medicine
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