Abstract
BackgroundObesity is associated with a higher risk of developing cancer and co-morbidities that are part of the metabolic syndrome. Adipose tissue is recognized as an endocrine organ, as it affects a number of physiological functions, and contains adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs). ASCs can differentiate into cells of multiple lineages, and as such are applicable to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Yet the question of whether ASC functionality is affected by the donor’s body mass index (BMI) still exists.ResultsASCs were isolated from patients having different BMIs (BMI-ASCs), within the ranges of 18.5-32.8. It was hypothesized that overweight BMI-ASCs would be more compromised in early adipogenic and osteogenic potential, and ability to form colonies in vitro. BMI was inversely correlated with ASC proliferation and colony forming potential as assessed by CyQUANT proliferation assay (fluorescence- based measurement of cellular DNA content), and colony forming assays. BMI was positively correlated with early time point (day 7) but not later time point (day 15) intracytoplasmic lipid accumulation as assessed by Oil-Red-O staining. Alizarin red staining and RT-PCR for alkaline phosphatase demonstrated that elevated BMI resulted in compromised ASC mineralization of extracellular matrix and decreased alkaline phosphatase mRNA expression.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate that elevated BMI resulted in reduced ASC proliferation, and potentially compromised osteogenic capacity in vitro; thus BMI is an important criterion to consider in selecting ASC donors for clinical applications.
Highlights
Obesity is associated with a higher risk of developing cancer and co-morbidities that are part of the metabolic syndrome
The increasing epidemic of obesity within the United States has been associated with a higher risk of developing co-morbidities that are categorized as part of the metabolic syndrome that include dyslipoproteinemia, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular and coronary artery diseases
The current study investigated the proliferation ability, in vitro differentiation potential, relative cell volume and complexity, and colony forming potential of Adipose tissue-derived stem cell (ASC) isolated from patients having different body mass index (BMI), within the ranges of 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, and 25–32.8 kg/m2
Summary
Obesity is associated with a higher risk of developing cancer and co-morbidities that are part of the metabolic syndrome. ASCs can differentiate into cells of multiple lineages, and as such are applicable to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The increasing epidemic of obesity within the United States has been associated with a higher risk of developing co-morbidities that are categorized as part of the metabolic syndrome that include dyslipoproteinemia (raised triglyceride and/or reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels), diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular and coronary artery diseases. Obesity has been identified as a risk factor for an increased incidence of several forms of cancer, including colon and breast cancers [1,2,3,4,5]. While various explanations have been widely suggested, our knowledge relating the pathogenesis of obesity at the cellular level and its potential impact in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications is very limited
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