Abstract
The article describes interdisciplinary and comprehensive non-destructive diagnostic tests of final bridge inspection and acceptance proposed for a soil-steel bridge made of corrugated sheets, being the European span length record holder (25.74 m). As an effect of an original concept a detailed and precise information about the structure short-term response was collected. Periodic diagnostics of bridge deformations was done one year after it was built. Load test design was based on numerical simulations performed by means of finite element method (FEM). In situ measurements were done with the aid of: inductive sensors, optical total station, and terrestrial laser scanner. The results produced by terrestrial laser scanning were used to build a precise image of structure deformation in 3D space during the tests. The accuracy of laser mapping was significantly increased using the information coming from total station and inductive sensors. These have higher accuracy and therefore can be used as reference. Thus, new quality in measurements is introduced. Good correspondence between in situ values and FEM estimations was achieved. Therefore, such a combination of testing methods can be used in non-destructive diagnostics of structures and is an interesting alternative for the standard approach, in which the measurements are done in limited number of points.
Highlights
Introduction and Research BackgroundEngineering, mechanical, aerospace, offshore structures, etc., or their parts, elements, or connections are subjected to various and complex loading conditions during their life cycle
We deal with non-destructive testing issues related to: detailed, automated, high-accuracy geodetic measurements, especially using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS); determination of structural response of a bridge; structural identification (St-Id) processes; and structural health monitoring (SHM)
Total deformations of the steel shell, measured by terrestrial laser is due to the fact, described earlier as well, that the weather during the whole testing daywere was assigned basically(refer the same, the2)
Summary
Engineering, mechanical, aerospace, offshore structures, etc., or their parts, elements, or connections are subjected to various and complex loading conditions during their life cycle. We deal with non-destructive testing issues related to: detailed, automated, high-accuracy geodetic measurements, especially using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS); determination of structural response of a bridge; structural identification (St-Id) processes; and structural health monitoring (SHM). Preliminary FEM simulations of the short-term bridge response revealed that its elastic deformations under traffic loads are very small and do not exceed 2 mm In this case, in order to get reliable measurement results, the accuracy of TLS needed to be improved. This paper is concentrated on the selection and presentation of appropriate non-destructive testing tools and methods, including FEM computational models, that enable to gather comprehensive and detailed information about the state and response of the analyzed soil-steel bridge structure. The main attention is focused on comprehensive, high-accuracy, geodetic measurements of bridge deformations and their comparisons with FEM response predictions
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