NOMINATIONS OF THE PARTS OF THE DAY IN THE ASPECT OF THE LEXICO-SEMANTIC AND ASSOCIATIVE FIELD «TIME» IN THE I. ROZDOBUDKO’ STORY «ARSEN»

Abstract

In the paper we analyze the lexical-semantic group «parts of a day» and the structure of a similar associative field of temporality based on the material of I. Rozdobudko's story «Arsen». The importance of studying the language of the works of modern Ukrainian writers is to track the peculiarities of the development of the modern Ukrainian language, its forms and means of expression, especially considering that artistic texts for children and teenagers, like the analyzed novel, are the most vivid representatives of modern perception and reading of the language as a living system. The difference between the concepts of lexical-semantic group (LSG) and thematic group (TG) was clarified, which made it possible to more specifically analyze the semantics of the analyzed examples. The lexical-semantic group «Parts of the day» is conditionally divided into microfields «night», «morning», «day», «evening». Each of the analyzed microfields is expressed within the lexical-semantic and associative fields, which caused the need to distinguish the concepts of «lexical-semantic field» and «associative field». The research was conducted by collecting and analyzing linguistic material, as well as analyzing available scientific sources. The semantics of temporal nominations (time names) to denote parts of the day in the story «Arsen» is unambiguous and does not compare with the semantics of the life cycle, as in folk-poetic texts. That is, we are observing a new way of highlighting time semantics, the figurative expression of which only emphasizes the main meaning, without providing semantic connotations. In the semantic structure of the lexical-semantic field «time», we distinguish thematic groups of the vocabulary, which include words from different parts of the language to denote a common concept, and lexical-semantic groups that combine full-meaning words of the same part of the language. According to the structure of the lexical-semantic group «parts of the day», which is based on the day/day in the meaning of the day, we distinguish the following microfields: «night», «morning», «day», «evening» as its components. Each of the analyzed microfields is characterized by figurative semantics, aesthetics, and sensuality characteristic of artistic language, but devoid of sentimentalism, which is characteristic of modern artistic prose. The associative field is expressed by two signs: color and light, which prevails, and taste (related to the names of meals). The results of the study testify to the clear construction of the lexical-semantic system of the language, its division into groups and microfields according to the semantic principle, which makes it possible to trace intergroup and even interfield connections, since no language unit can exist separately from others. It was found that the intensity of light and color is the main semantic criterion by which the associative field «time» should be classified using the example of parts of the day. We see the prospects for further scientific research in the study of the concepts of the lexical-semantic and associative fields based on the material of the works of modern writers in order to fix and preserve the psycholinguistic aspect of language in the modern historical era.