Abstract
Performance of continuous emission noise radar systems are affected by the sidelobes of the output of the matched filter, with significant effects on detection and dynamic range. Hence, the sidelobe level has to be controlled by a careful design of the transmitted waveform and of the transmit/receive parts of the radar. In this context, the average transmitted power has to be optimized by choosing waveforms with a peak-to-average power ratio as close to the unity as possible. However, after coherent demodulation and acquisition of the received signal and of the reference signal at the transmitting antenna port, the goodness (low sidelobes) of the output from the matched filter can be considerably reduced by the deleterious effects due to the radar hardware, including the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). This paper aims to solve the above problems from both the theoretical and the practical viewpoint and recommends the use of tailored waveforms for mitigating the dynamic range issues. The new findings are corroborated by the results from two noise radar demonstrators operating in Germany (rural environment) and in Turkey (coast and sea environment) and the related lessons learnt.
Highlights
An overview on noise radar technology (NRT) is summarized in the companion paper “Introduction to noise radar and its waveforms” [1] of this Special Issue, where main features of an NRT, advantages and limitations with respect the conventional radar systems and design problems are widely illustrated
The trials were carried out in summer/autumn/winter 2020 at the Fraunhofer Institute for High Frequency Physics and Radar Techniques (FHR) in Wachtberg (Germany) and at the Turkish Naval Research Center Command (TNRCC) in Istanbul (Turkey) using two different noise radar demonstrators that will be described later. These demonstrators have been developed after consideration of the main requirements for modern radars, including multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar [2], low probability of intercept/exploitation (LPI/LPE) radar [3] and noise radar (NR) [1]
The raw radar signals are recorded at a sampling frequency of 250 MHz and represent the surveillance echoes
Summary
An overview on noise radar technology (NRT) is summarized in the companion paper “Introduction to noise radar and its waveforms” [1] of this Special Issue, where main features of an NRT, advantages and limitations with respect the conventional radar systems and design problems are widely illustrated. The trials were carried out in summer/autumn/winter 2020 at the Fraunhofer Institute for High Frequency Physics and Radar Techniques (FHR) in Wachtberg (Germany) and at the Turkish Naval Research Center Command (TNRCC) in Istanbul (Turkey) using two different noise radar demonstrators that will be described later. These demonstrators have been developed after consideration of the main requirements for modern radars, including multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar [2], low probability of intercept/exploitation (LPI/LPE) radar [3] and noise radar (NR) [1].
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