Node Deployment Strategies in Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract

The wide acceptance of Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) comes from its high stature in underwater marine life monitoring, communication, ocean data collection and sampling, and civil and military operations. However, UWSNs are deployed in the 3-D environment, which introduces new deployment challenges, connectivity, coverage and mobility. UWSN is having many imperative deployment approaches designed for ground-based sensor networks, out of many cannot be directly applicable in the UWSN because of its inimitable 3-D physiognomies. Underwater networks are positioned in the 3-D environment, which certainly conveys new encounters, such as, sensor node mobility produced by water currents and lengthy communication delay. This paper aims to analyse the different node deployment strategies to present sensor node deployment complexity. This paper also focuses on a detailed literature survey about node deployment, concerns, or issues during the deployment and performance evaluation of the different node deployment algorithms.