Noble-metal-free Cd0.3Zn0.7S-Ni(OH)2 for high efficiency visible light photocatalytic hydrogen production

Abstract

Heterogeneously structured materials with supported precious metals, such as Pd, Pt, and Ru, as co-catalysts are important catalysts for efficient photocatalytic water splitting. However, the high costs and low reserves of precious metals have been an obstacle to their application in hydrogen production. In this work, the noble-metal-free Cd0.3Zn0.7S solid solution was designed and synthesized with an optimized molar ratio of Cd/Zn for the best visible light photocatalytic performance. In addition, a heterojunction hybrid material formed between the Cd0.3Zn0.7S and Ni(OH)2 nanosheet was engineered to improve the utilization of light and to inhibit the recombination of holes and electrons. Ni(OH)2 nanosheets assisted the transfer of the photoexcited electrons to participate in the reduction reactions which is critical for efficient and rapid catalytic hydrogen production. The photoelectrochemical property of the hybrid material was investigated with UV–vis absorption, photoluminance (PL) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The mechanism of the high-efficiency and low-cost photocatalytic hydrogen production was established by analyzing the hydrogen evolution kinetics. With the success of replacing precious metal with nickel-based surface heterostructure, this work is expected to provide a new type of photocatalyst for the application of photocatalytic hydrogen production.