Abstract
Background/AimNobiletin, a major polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) from citri reticulatae pericarpium (CRP), can inhibit several forms of cancer proliferation. However, the effects of nobiletin on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) C666‐1 cells remain largely unknown.Materials and MethodsCell counting kit 8 (CCK8) assay was used to measure cell vitality. Flow cytometry was performed to measure the apoptosis rate. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and Western blot analysis were applied to determine the expression of mRNA and protein, respectively.ResultsWe showed that the proliferation rate of C666‐1 cells was inhibited and the apoptosis rate was raised after treating with nobiletin. Moreover, nobiletin inhibited the expression of poly(ADP‐ribose)polymerase‐2 (PARP‐2), and the tumor suppression effect of nobiletin on C666‐1 is associated with PARP‐2‐dependent pathway.ConclusionWe demonstrated for the first time that nobiletin inhibited the growth of C666‐1 cells, which may be relative to its regulation on PARP‐2/SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway. Our result implied that nobiletin may serve as a strategy to treat nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Highlights
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a distinctive vicious tumor derives from the epithelium of nasopharynx, is the cancer of the highest prevalence in South‐East Asia, especially in southern China (Chen et al, 2010; Kwok et al, 2014)
After being treated with different doses of nobiletin (0, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 μM), the apoptosis rates of C666‐1 cells were detected with flow cytometry
There is little evidence to support the use of nobiletin against NPC
Summary
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a distinctive vicious tumor derives from the epithelium of nasopharynx, is the cancer of the highest prevalence in South‐East Asia, especially in southern China (Chen et al, 2010; Kwok et al, 2014). PARP‐1 inhibition has been reported to reduce the proliferation and promote radiation sensitization in CNE‐2 human NPC cells, which suggested that PARP may be an attractive target for the cancer therapy including NPC (Chen, Zhao, et al, 2015). Nobiletin can be used to treat glioblastoma due to its ability to inhibit the proliferation and migration of glioma cells (Lien et al, 2016) It can be used as prevention for triple‐negative breast cancer since it can blockade the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and induce cell apoptosis (Chen, Ono, Takeshima, & Nakano, 2014). Other than the rest of NPC‐derived cell lines, C666‐1 is the exclusive one that still retains the natural EBV It has become an important and representative tool to evaluate the antitumor activity of NPC (Chan et al, 2015). The aim of this study is to determine whether nobiletin induces C666‐1 cell apoptosis by regulating PARP‐dependent signaling pathways
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