Nitrogen supply and intercropping control of Fusarium wilt in faba bean depend on organic acids exuded from the roots

Jiaxing Lv,Zengpeng Guo,Kun Dong,Yan Dong,Jingxiu Xiao

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-89109-3

Jiaxing Lv, Zengpeng Guo + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89109-3

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Journal: Scientific Reports	Publication Date: May 5, 2021
Citations: 12	License type: open-access

Affiliation: Yunnan Agricultural University

Abstract

Fusarium wilt in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fabae (FOF), which reduces the yield of crop. We used greenhouse, field and laboratory experiments to evaluate the role of organic acids in the occurrence of Fusarium wilt of faba bean to confirm the mechanism of rational application of nitrogen (N) and intercropping to alleviate Fusarium wilt. We investigated the response of organic acids exuded from the roots of faba bean to different N levels and cropping patterns (monocropping and intercropping with wheat). The results showed that the application of N and intercropping with wheat could control the Fusarium wilt of faba bean, which was closely related to the components and quantity of organic acids exuded from its roots. Among them, tartaric acid and malic acid are the most abundant and important, because they have a significant inhibitory effect on the growth and reproduction of FOF and substantially aid in the control of Fusarium wilt. The application of 90 kg ha−1 of N combined with wheat intercropping significantly controlled the Fusarium wilt and increased the grain yield of faba bean. Our results suggest that 90 kg ha−1 of N combined with intercropping is the most effective way to control Fusarium wilt and should be incorporated into agricultural management practices.

Highlights

Fusarium wilt in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fabae (FOF), which reduces the yield of crop
In terms of total quantity, the application of N increased the exudation of organic acids from faba bean roots, and these organic acids reached their highest level under N1 conditions (Fig. 1D)
Faba bean is very efficient nitrogen fixating crop, we traditionally think that legumes do not need nitrogen application because they can fix nitrogen by Rhizobium, this is not the case

Summary

Introduction

Fusarium wilt in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fabae (FOF), which reduces the yield of crop. We investigated the response of organic acids exuded from the roots of faba bean to different N levels and cropping patterns (monocropping and intercropping with wheat). The results showed that the application of N and intercropping with wheat could control the Fusarium wilt of faba bean, which was closely related to the components and quantity of organic acids exuded from its roots. The application of 90 kg h a−1 of N combined with wheat intercropping significantly controlled the Fusarium wilt and increased the grain yield of faba bean. We hypothesize that the application of nitrogen fertilizer can control Fusarium wilt of faba bean, and that it is more effective in intercropping systems, which may be closely related to the changes in organic acids. The objectives of this study were to (1) examine the responses of the organic acid exudates of faba bean roots to Incidence of Fusarium wilt(%)

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