Abstract
Titanium shows optimal biocompatibility properties; however, its gray color may be a limit for aesthetic results of dental rehabilitations. Some surface treatments that change the color of the material have been proposed. The aim of this study is to, in vitro, investigate the biocompatibility of the surfaces subjected to titanium nitride (NiT) coating and anodic-oxidized (AO) treatment and their propensity to impair bacterial proliferation. The viability of primary human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) has been evaluated through a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay in three experimental groups: uncoated titanium (UNCOATED), titanium nitride (NiT)-coated surface, and anodic-oxidized (AO) titanium. Bacterial proliferation experiments were performed using a Streptococcus gordonii clinical isolate in contact with the three different above-mentioned materials. The treated surfaces (NiT and AO) showed a significantly higher fibroblast proliferation than the uncoated titanium alloy (p < 0.05). In contrast, Streptococcus gordonii growth was significantly higher on the untreated titanium (p < 0.05).
Highlights
Dental implants are commonly used in dentistry in case of prosthetic rehabilitation of missing teeth
(24, 48, and h), revealing significant surfaces in terms of viability of fibroblasts seeded on the disks of three experimental groups
Since the introduction of dental implantology, many materials have been proposed for the fabrication must meet the requirements of both biocompatibility and aesthetics in its interface with gingival of dental abutments, starting with titanium, dental ceramics, or titanium surface treatments in tissues [16]
Summary
Dental implants are commonly used in dentistry in case of prosthetic rehabilitation of missing teeth. They act as an artificial root for the retention of overlying full or partial prosthesis. A key element in implant-supported restorations is represented by the abutment, a connecting element that is able to link fixture and dental prosthesis [1]. Long term success of dental implant restoration depends both on osseointegration, documented almost with 50 years of clinical practice [1,2], and soft tissue healing around the abutment [3]. Because the soft tissue attachment plays a primary role for the long-term outcome of the dental implant, abutment material should have excellent biological and physical properties [5]
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