Nitratidesulfovibrio

Abstract

Abstract Ni.tra.ti.de.sul.fo.vi'brio. N.L. masc. n. nitras , ‐ atis , nitrate; N.L. masc. n. Desulfovibrio , a bacterial genus name; N.L. masc. n. Nitratidesulfovibrio , nitrate‐reducing Desulfovibrio ‐like bacterium. Desulfobacterota / Desulfovibrionia / Desulfovibrionales / Desulfovibrionaceae / Nitratidesulfovibrio Cells are vibrio‐shaped, 0.4–0.8 × 2.0–4.0 μm. Occur singly or in pairs. Spore formation is not observed. Stain Gram‐negative. Cells are motile by a single polar flagellum. Strictly anaerobic, having both respiratory and fermentative types of metabolism. Chemoorganoheterotroph, using lactate, pyruvate, fumarate (some species), and malate (one species) as electron donors and carbon sources; organic compounds are incompletely oxidized to acetate. Alcohols are oxidized to their corresponding carboxylic acids. H 2 can serve as an electron donor in the presence of acetate as an organic carbon source (chemolithoheterotrophic growth) by most species. Formate is also used with acetate by most species. Sulfate and sulfite and thiosulfate in all species tested serve as terminal electron acceptors and are reduced to sulfide. Desulfoviridin is present. Nitrate is used by two species and reduced to ammonia. Fumarate is used by one species. In the absence of an external electron acceptor, growth may occur by fermentation of pyruvate or fumarate. Mesophilic, the optimum temperature for growth is 34–37°C. Neutrophilic, the optimum pH for growth is 6.6–7.4. NaCl is not required for growth. Media containing a reductant are required for growth. Occur in various anoxic habitats, such as termite guts, aquifer, river sediment, and soil. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 63.3–69.0 ( T m , LC, genome). Type species : Nitratidesulfovibrio vulgaris Waite et al. 2020 VP (Basonym: Desulfovibrio vulgaris Postgate and Campbell 1966 AL ).