NiPd Supported on Mesostructured Silica Nanoparticle as Efficient Anode Electrocatalyst for Methanol Electrooxidation in Alkaline Media

Muliani Mansor,Sharifah Najiha Timmiati,Azran Mohd Zainoodin,Wai Yin Wong,Kean Long Lim,Siti Kartom Kamarudin

doi:10.3390/catal10111235

Muliani Mansor, Sharifah Najiha Timmiati + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10111235

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Journal: Catalysts	Publication Date: Oct 25, 2020
Citations: 10	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: National University of Malaysia

Abstract

The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is a portable device and has the potential to produce 10 times higher energy density than lithium-ion rechargeable batteries. It is essential to build efficient methanol electrooxidation reaction electrocatalysts for DMFCs to achieve their practical application in future energy storage and conversion. A catalyst consisting of nickel–palladium supported onto mesostructured silica nanoparticles (NiPd–MSN) was synthesized by the wet impregnation method, while MSN was synthesized using the sol-gel method. MSN act as a catalyst support and has very good characteristics for practical support due to its large surface area (>1000 m2/g) and good chemical and mechanical stability. The microstructure and catalytic activity of the electrocatalysts were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET) theory, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and chronoamperometry (CA). XRD showed that the NiPd–MSN electrocatalysts had a high crystallinity of PdO and NiO, while FESEM displayed that NiPd was dispersed homogeneously onto the high surface area of MSN. In alkaline media, the catalytic activity toward the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) of NiPd–MSN demonstrated the highest, which was 657.03 mA mg−1 more than the other electrocatalysts. After 3600 s of CA analysis at −0.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), the MOR mass activity of NiPd–MSN in alkaline media was retained at a higher mass activity of 190.8 mA mg−1 while the other electrocatalyst was significantly lower than that. This electrocatalyst is a promising anode material toward MOR in alkaline media.

Highlights

The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is acknowledged as the optimal fuel cell system considering that it can generate electricity by converting the methanol fuel directly at the fuel cell anode
The gradual Tafel slope demonstrates the fast kinetics of charge-transfer toward methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). These results show that, due to the bifunctional mechanism, mesostructured silica nanoparticles (MSN) addition into NiPd could produce the highest catalytic activity and shifted the onset potential toward the negative potentials [55]
The prepared electrocatalysts including Ni–MSN, Pd–MSN, NiPd–MSN, and NiPd–C were tested in the electrochemical analysis, which were compared with one another

Summary

Introduction

The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is acknowledged as the optimal fuel cell system considering that it can generate electricity by converting the methanol fuel directly at the fuel cell anode. As a promising source of power, it has attracted great interest as it has clean, novel, low pollutant issuers, and noiseless sources of electricity [1]. Substantial works have focused on investigating the electro-oxidation of methanol in electrolytes of high pH, alkaline. Alkaline electrolytes favored a reduction in methanol crossover, rapid kinetics, increased efficiency, and an extended choice of potential electrode materials, which allows cheaper metals to be used [2]. DMFC faces a significant problem, which is corrosion of the catalyst [3].

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