Abstract
The suitability of niobium as the anode for solid electrolytic capacitors has been investigated. Field crystallization of the amorphous niobium oxide film has been found to be a determining factor for the properties of these capacitors. Purity of the porous anodes as dependent on the sintering conditions, formation temperature and voltage, and formation electrolytes, parameters all known to control the initiation of crystallization, have been correlated with the initial and life test properties of these capacitors. The initial properties of niobium solid electrolytic capacitors prepared under optimum conditions compare favorably with equivalent tantalum components. However, with the current purity of niobium powder, only units with operating voltages up to 20 v survive a life test at 85°C, with the failures of capacitors rated at higher voltages attributed to the partial crystallization of the amorphous film during formation.
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