Abstract
Tar formation during biomass gasification is a major barrier to utilise the produced syngas, which clogs processing equipment. In the present study, steam reforming of gasification-derived tar (phenol, toluene, naphthalene, and pyrene) was catalysed by Ni/dolomite, Ni/dolomite/Al2O3, Ni/dolomite/La2O3, Ni/dolomite/CeO2, and Ni/dolomite/ZrO2 for hydrogen production. The steam reforming experiment was conducted in a fixed bed reactor at 700 °C and the steam-to-carbon molar ratio of 1 under atmospheric pressure. After the catalytic test, the spent catalysts were characterised by thermogravimetric analysis and variable-pressure scanning electron microscope. The aim of this study is to investigate the catalytic activity of Ni-based catalysts in terms of tar conversion and their deactivation characteristic. The current results revealed that all the catalysts showed almost full conversion of tar (98.8%-99.9%) and considerably low amount of coke deposited in the form of amorphous and filamentous carbon (15.9-178.5 mg gcat-1). Among the catalysts studied, Ni/dolomite/La2O3 gave the highest catalytic activity for steam reforming of gasified biomass tar and lowest coke formation.
Highlights
In recent decades, biomass gasification is the most environmentally friendly and economical technology to substitute conventional fossil fuel-based gasification for the production of electricity, fuels, and chemicals [1, 2]
The aim of this study is to investigate the catalytic activity of Ni-based catalysts in terms of tar conversion and their deactivation characteristic
Steam reforming of gasified biomass tar model was carried out over NiD, NiDAl, NiDLa, NiDCe, and NiDZr catalysts
Summary
Biomass gasification is the most environmentally friendly and economical technology to substitute conventional fossil fuel-based gasification for the production of electricity, fuels, and chemicals [1, 2]. Biomass is a sustainable and renewable organic source, including agricultural waste, municipal solid waste, and animal residue. Compared to non-renewable resources such as coal and natural gas, the utilisation of biomass as feedstock for gasification is more environmentally benign and clean. This is due to the carbon neutral feature of biomass [3]. Biomass gasification converts organic carbonaceous substances into syngas rich in hydrogen and carbon monoxide along with a small amount of carbon dioxide, methane, and impurities (such as tar, ash, sulphur, and nitrogen-containing compounds). The tar content in syngas varies from 0.5 to 100 g m ,-3 depending on the type and design of gasifier
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