Ni- and Fe-based catalysts for hydrogen and carbon nanofilament production by catalytic decomposition of methane in a rotary bed reactor

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Four catalysts, consisting of Ni, Ni:Cu, Fe or Fe:Mo as the active phase and Al 2O 3 or MgO as a textural promoter, were tested for the catalytic decomposition of methane in a rotary bed reactor, obtaining both CO 2-free hydrogen and carbon nanostructures in a single step. Hydrogen yields of up to 14.4 Ndm 3 H 2·(h·g cat) − 1 were obtained using the Ni-based catalysts, and methane conversions above 80% were observed with the Fe-based catalysts. In addition to hydrogen production, the Ni-based catalysts allowed the large-scale production of fishbone-like carbon nanofibres, whereas the use of the Fe-based catalysts promoted the production of carbonaceous filaments having a high degree of structural order, consisting of both chain-like carbon nanofibres and carbon nanotubes.