NEXT-GENERATION SMART GRIDS: INTEGRATING IOT AND AI FOR EFFICIENT ENERGY MANAGEMENT

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This chapter delves into the transformative impact of modern technologies on the evolution of energy distribution and management systems. The authors aim to convey how smart grids, an advanced form of traditional electrical grids, are revolutionizing energy systems by integrating the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI). The chapter begins with an introduction to the foundational differences between conventional grids and smart grids, emphasizing how smart grids overcome the inefficiencies of the unidirectional flow of electricity and lack of real-time monitoring. The authors explore how IoT facilitates the real-time collection of data and enhances communication across devices, allowing for more responsive and optimized grid operations. Furthermore, they highlight the role of AI in smart grid systems, focusing on the importance of AI-driven analytics and machine learning to optimize decision making, predictive maintenance, and the integration of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind. The discussion extends to how the incorporation of these technologies improves overall grid efficiency by reducing energy transmission losses, enabling better demand-response mechanisms, and supporting environmental sustainability. The chapter also highlights the empowerment of consumers through smart meters and dynamic pricing, allowing users to make more informed decisions about their energy consumption. In addition to the technical advancements, the authors examine the economic implications of smart grid technologies, including job creation and innovation in energy storage, electric vehicles, and smart devices. Finally, the chapter addresses the challenges faced in the adoption of smart grids, such as cybersecurity risks and regulatory barriers, while providing insights into future directions for the continued evolution of smart grid technologies. Through this comprehensive discussion, the chapter positions smart grids as essential to meeting the growing demand for efficient, reliable, and sustainable energy in the future.